If you see a man being obstinate, argumentative and impressed with his own opinion, then his loss is complete.
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Opinion
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It is reported that Bilāl b. Saʿd – Allāh have mercy on him – said:
If you see a man being obstinate, argumentative and impressed with his own opinion, then his loss is complete.
Abū Nuʿaym, ʿHilyatu Al-Awliyāʾ 5:228
It is reported that Mālik b. Dīnār – Allāh have mercy on him – said:
Since I have come to know people, I do not rejoice when they praise and I do not dislike it when they blame, for those that praise go to excess in praise and those that blame go to excess in blaming. When the scholar learns knowledge in order to act, it humbles him; but if he learns it for something other than action, it only makes him more boastful.
Al-Dhahbī, Siyar ʾAʿlām Al-Nubalāʾ 5:362.
It is reported that ʿUmar b. Al-Khaṭṭāb – Allāh be pleased with him – said:
There are three types of men and three types of women. As for the women, then [one] is the chaste, Muslim, gentle, loving and childbearing woman. She helps her family in difficult situations and does not help situations to overcome her family. Rarely will you find such women. Another is a vessel, she does nothing more than bear children. The third type is a shackle, Allāh puts her around the neck of whomever he wills, and when he wills to remove it, he removes it. Men are [also] three kinds. [The first is] a chaste, easy, gentle man who possesses opinion (insight) and is worthy of being consulted; and when a matter befalls him, he follows his insight, and approaches matters as they should be. [The second is] a man who has no opinions of his own, and when a matter befalls him he goes to the one who does have insight and should be consulted, and he adopts his opinion on the matter. The third is a man who is confused, lost and aimless; he neither follows (seeks) guidance, nor obeys any guide.
Al-Bayhaqī, Shuʿab Al-Īmān 10:39 ḥadīth 7131.
It is reported that Muʿāwiyah b. Qurrah – Allāh have mercy on him – said:
Do not sit with the foolish using your knowledge, and do not sit with the knowledgeable (scholars) using your foolishness.
Al-Dhahabī, Siyar Aʿlām Al-Nubalāʾ 5:154.
It is reported that a man once came to Al-Shaʿbī – Allāh have mercy on him – and asked him about something, so he replied:
“Ibn Masʿūd used to say such-and-such [about this issue].” The man asked, “But tell me your opinion.” He replied, “Are you not all astonished by this man? I inform him of what Ibn Masʿūd [said] and he asks me my opinion. My religion is more important to me than that. By Allāh, I would rather sing a song than inform you of my opinion.”
Al-Dārimī, Al-Sunan ḥadīth 108.
Saʿīd b. Abī ʿArūbah – Allāh have mercy on him – said:
Whoever has not heard the differences of opinion, then do not consider him a scholar.
Ibn ʿAbd Al-Barr, Jāmiʿ Bayān Al-ʿIlm wa Faḍlihī no. 1521.
Al-Awzāʿī reports that Caliph ʿUmar b. ʿAbd Al-ʿAzīz – Allāh have mercy on him – wrote (in his orders):
There is no place for anyone’s opinion [when it comes to] what is in the Book (revelation). The opinion of the imāms (great scholars) is only regarding what the Book did not come down with, and regarding which no Sunnah has passed from the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ. And the opinion of no one is counted in the face of a Sunnah from the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ.
Al-Ājurrī, Al-Sharīʿah #113 et al.